courtney asked
Can you provide some information on what to do about pinworms?
Answer
Pinworms are classified as helminths, which are worm like organisms that feed off of their human hosts. Pinworm infections are relatively common and primarily occur in school-aged children, although adults can get infections too (much less likely).
Pinworms are very tiny but are often visible. They range in size from 2-14 mm and look like little white worms; their eggs however, are transparent and microscopic.
Pinworm infections most often happen when a person accidentally ingests eggs. This can happen easily in places where children come into direct contact with one another such as playgrounds and at school. In addition to contact between people, pinworm infections can be spread on contaminated beds, clothes, car seats, and other materials.
Signs and symptoms of a pinworm infection can be itching and being uncomfortable in the rectal area; in children, parents will notice excessive scratching of their anal region. If possible, it is important to try and not scratch the affected area. When young children scratch, they can get eggs under their nails and on their fingers, effectively transporting infectious eggs.
Pinworms infections can be prevented by teaching and practicing good hand washing techniques. Proper hand washing techniques should be practiced and scrubbing fingernails while showering or bathing is also important. Clothing and underwear should be washed regularly, and diapers should be disposed of properly.
In terms of treatment, the main medications for treating pinworms include:
- Mebendazole
- Albendazole
- Pin-X
Mebendazole
Mebendazole is given as a one time dose (but can be repeated in one week if the infection continues). In most cases, it is then given 3 weeks later to kill newly hatched parasites. Some doctors recommend taking one tablet every 3 weeks for a total of 3 doses (9 weeks) to ensure the infection is effectively eradicated.
Albendazole
Another prescription medication that can be used is called albendazole and is very similar to mebendazole. It is most commonly used when mebendazole isn't available, which has happened very often due to manufacturing problems. In fact, it is now the more commonly used medication of the two. It is also given as a one time dose and is generally repeated in 3 weeks.
Pin-X
Pin-X works in a different manner than mebendazole and albendazole but has similar efficacy. It is available over the counter unlike mebendazole and albendazole.
If left untreated, pinworms can cause serious problems such as food malabsorption and weight loss, pain while urinating, genital rashes, appendicitis, UTIs and other infections. If you believe you or someone in your family has pinworms, it is important to see a doctor as soon as possible so it doesn't spread within the home or school.
